预成孔置换强夯法处理大型油罐软基工程应用

建设大型油罐软基处理的重点在于控制工后沉降和差异沉降,但普通强夯置换法存在置换墩体着底情况不良与地基工后沉降量大的问题,针对这个问题进行了普通置换强夯法的改进研究。采取预成孔工艺能解决墩体着底情况不良的问题,从而减少地基工后沉降量。预成孔置换强夯法是一种用于处理软弱土地基的施工工艺,具有工期短、造价低与绿色环保等优点,通过预成孔保证置换墩着底可靠性,从而成功控制了工后沉降和差异沉降,实际检测结果和充水预压试验证实了处理方案的可靠性。     

透水框架坝生态效应研究

为了研发生态结构,给生态航道建设提供技术支撑,在进行水生生物调研分析的基础上,提出了透水框架坝的结构形式。通过开展相应的水槽试验,对比分析透水坝与实体坝的作用区别,并结合水槽试验成果,从集鱼效应、提高鱼类栖息适合度等方面分析透水框架坝的生态效应。得到主要结论如下:1)从流场分布来看,实体坝在坝后一定范围内存在回流区;框架坝坝后无回流区存在; 2)相对于实体坝,透水坝作用效果较弱(冲刷坑深度约为实体坝的60%),作用时间更长; 3)透水框架坝能够起到人工鱼礁的作用,框架坝的内部空隙为鱼类等水生生物提供栖息庇护场所,对鱼类有较强的诱集效果; 4)框架坝通过提高水体含氧量和提高有利于鱼类的流速区面积来提高鱼类的栖息适合度。     

Long-term impact of the Shinkansen on rail and air demand: analysis with data from Northeast Japan

This paper analyses how the high-speed rail construction in Northeast Japan (Tohoku) has affected total demand and interregional travel patterns. We use annual interregional passenger data from 1989 to 2012 and apply regression analysis with the demand between Tokyo and the Tohoku prefectures as the dependent variable. We distinguish particularly between the ‘Full-’ and the ‘Mini-’ Shinkansen, where the latter are branch services running with reduced speed. We find that the ‘Full-Shinkansen’ quickly increases rail and total public transport trips and generates additional rail demand year on year. The ‘Mini-Shinkansen’ impacts are less pronounced. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the Shinkansen has shifted some demand from air to rail once it started operation and increased rail share gradually. We therefore suggest that predictions of demand impacts should carefully distinguish immediate from gradual impacts. We also discuss differences in regional demand in that not all prefectures have gained equally from Shinkansen construction.     

Career development for women in maritime industry: organisation and socialisation perspectives

For centuries, the maritime industry has been a recognised place in society dominated solely by men, and even though there were women involved, they were mostly on the periphery. This research aims to fill the gap of women’s career development in this field, by investigating the relationships among the degree of organisational socialisation, women’s workplace culture, and the career development of women in the maritime workplace. The analyses are conducted with the structural equation model with 202 valid questionnaires. The results indicated that women’s workplace culture has a significantly negative relationship with the degree of organisational socialisation, and then in turn, it has a significantly positive relationship with women’s career development in the maritime industry. Finally, the results also indicate that the mediating effect of organisational socialisation existed between women’s workplace culture and women’s career development. According to the empirical analysis, this study makes conclusions as well as suggestions for the maritime enterprises as the reference for human resource management.     

基于行车控速效果分析的校园内减速带 优化研究

为了更好地维护校园交通安全，基于减速带减速原理，针对校园环境对校内减速带的优化 设计进行研究。选取南京林业大学校园内翠竹路为实验路段，使用雷达测速仪测得通过该路段减 速带的具体速度值，通过对调查数据的整理和分析，得知实验减速带的控速效果未能达到最优。 为了提高校园内减速带的控速效果，构建了车辆通过减速带时的车轮轴心运动轨迹方程模型，借 助MATLAB软件仿真，以纵向加速度为评价指标，进行了圆弧减速带在不同宽度和高度条件下 的振动分析。结果表明，在相同车速条件下，不同尺寸的减速带产生的纵向加速度与高度成正 比，与宽度成反比；适合校园内安装的减速带最优尺寸为高50mm、宽350mm。     

地下工程注浆技术研究新进展

注浆是土木、水利和矿山等工程建设中重要的防渗和加固技术。文章基于国内外注浆技术研究文献,总结了水泥等颗粒性浆液的“渗滤效应”及“黏度时空变异性”等理论研究成果,论述了非水反应高聚物、CW环氧树脂和微生物菌液等注浆新材料的应用现状及发展前景,介绍了细观力学数值模拟研究的突破性进展,可为地下工程注浆技术发展提供借鉴和启发作用。     

面向复杂环境的LNG码头合理布局规模仿真案例分析

LNG船舶通过限制性航道进出港时须采取一定的管控措施,具有显著的排他性,布局LNG码头时须确定合理的码头规模,以保障港区各类船舶通航效率。基于多智能体复杂系统的混合模拟仿真建模方法,以宁波舟山港六横港区南侧岸线新布局LNG码头研究为例,建立不同的仿真情境,通过设定的指标进行评价分析,研判在一定通航管控措施条件下六横港区南侧LNG码头合理布局规模,为港口码头布局和岸线合理利用提供决策依据。     

游艇码头定位桩内力分析

定位桩是游艇码头的一种重要锚碇形式,现行规范对游艇码头风荷载、波浪荷载等规定存在不详尽之处,为完善游艇码头定位桩的计算分析,采用ANSYS有限元软件对游艇码头在风荷载和波浪荷载作用下的受力情况进行分析,对游艇码头定位桩计算提出合理建议,建议游艇码头计算采用整体建模,风荷载的遮挡效应应考虑船型、受风高度、船舶间距等因素。     

小方型系数船舶的船体波浪载荷综合研究

从船级社规范对于不符合主尺度比要求的船舶船体梁波浪载荷的规定出发,采用理论预报和船模试验2种综合方式,进行了小于0.6方型系数、高航速、高海况目标船的波浪载荷研究.从规范对波浪载荷的线性理论预报值进行的非线性修正,修正后中拱和中垂波浪弯矩绝对值之和与线性理论预报极值全幅值相等出发,阐述所研究船特殊主尺度比下的模型试验结果、三维非线性水弹性理论预报结果显示出的波浪载荷非线性行为;同时综合模型试验与理论预报的共同规律,研究不同波高、航速、浪向等非常规船型船体波浪载荷的强非线性行为,从而认为规范基于的线性理论预报值进行非线性修正的统一规定太过笼统,进而建议规范对波浪载荷的非线性修正予以进一步的明确区分和规定.     

The effect of crowding on public transit user travel behavior in a large-scale public transportation system through modeling daily variations

In this paper, the crowding effect in a transit vehicle is modeled in a time-expanded network that considers the daily variation in passenger flows. The study models the daily variation of in-vehicle crowding in a real large-scale transit system. A transit assignment for this real network is modeled and implemented by constructing a crowding cost function that follows the valuation of crowding and by using the reliable shortest path finding method. The direct application of the crowding model to a real network for the Utah Transit Authority indicates that crowd modeling with multi-user classes could influence public transportation system planning and affect the revenues of transit agencies. Moreover, the addition of the disutility factor, crowding, does not always appear to cause an increase in disutility for transit users.